Biomaterials derived from agroindustrial residues and materials with nanoparticulate components for the improvement of plant nutrition and cadmium immobilization in Theobroma cacao

The leaching of nitrogen and phosphorous sources from fertilizers represents a high cost for the agricultural sector. There is also concern about the presence of cadmium in agricultural soils, due to the physiological capacity of some plants to absorb and translocate Cd to different parts that are used for human consumption, since cadmium can cause toxicity. Considering the above, this proposal proposes to develop and evaluate biomaterials derived from agro-industrial residues and materials with nanoparticulate components that reduce the losses of nitrogen and phosphorus for agricultural use and that reduce the adsorption of cadmium in plants so that agricultural productivity is increased and reduce the environmental impact. This research proposal, presented in cooperation by researchers from EAFIT, UdeA, UdeM and the Pascual Bravo University Institution, is aimed at improving the competitiveness of the agricultural sector, especially cocoa, through the development of a nanofertilizer, to improve the characteristics of the soil and nourish plants. Said formulation will be based on a nanostructured system biologically compatible with cocoa crops, which consists of aqueous colloidal dispersions, which allows them to be integrated into irrigation systems, does not release living organisms into the environment and the materials are 100% Colombian in origin. Biomaterials derived from agro-industrial waste will also be evaluated, including a biochar that UDEM and EAFIT have evaluated and found to have great potential for reducing cadmium in cocoa plants. Additionally, within the work team, the UDEA has a patent in the development of high purity hydroxyapatite without traces of metals that is postulated as a source of controlled release of phosphorus and calcium, completing essential elements of the plant and making a contribution of bases. for the increase in pH in the soil, a parameter that can have a great influence on the mobility of cadmium.

Evaluate biomaterials derived from agroindustrial residues and materials with nanoparticulate components for the improvement of plant nutrition and cadmium immobilization in Theobroma cacao.

This proposal seeks Sustainable Development in its 3 dimensions. By researching the development of biomaterials to increase agricultural productivity, the income of small farmers and access to international markets could be improved. The use of agro-industrial waste seeks to generate added value, contribute to a bioeconomy and a circular economy, as well as reduce environmental impacts. The research allows the development of biomaterials and materials with nanoparticulate components that reduce the bioavailability of cadmium and improve plant nutrition at low cost in Colombian soils, which can mean higher quality and productivity. This, in turn, will improve marketing opportunities in the international market. An accepted ISI WOS or Scopus article, 1 Master's degree project (B) and 1 participation in a research congress.