@article{0afbb9775bea4753b7d959d7b6d76ea2,
title = "A combined fit of energy spectrum, shower depth distribution and arrival directions to constrain astrophysical models of UHECR sources",
abstract = "The combined fit of the measured energy spectrum and distribution of depths of shower maximum of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays is known to constrain the parameters of astrophysical scenarios with homogeneous source distributions. Further measurements show that the cosmic-ray arrival directions agree better with the directions and fluxes of catalogs of starburst galaxies and active galactic nuclei than with isotropy. Here, we present a novel combination of both analyses. For that, a three-dimensional universe model containing a nearby source population and a homogeneous background source distribution is built, and its parameters are adapted using a combined fit of the energy spectrum, depth of shower maximum distribution and energy-dependent arrival directions. The model takes into account a symmetric magnetic field blurring, source evolution and interactions during propagation. We use simulated data, which resemble measurements of the Pierre Auger Observatory, to evaluate the method{\textquoteright}s sensitivity. With this, we are able to verify that the source parameters as well as the fraction of events from the nearby source population and the size of the magnetic field blurring are determined correctly, and that the data is described by the fitted model including the catalog sources with their respective fluxes and three-dimensional positions. We demonstrate that by combining all three measurements we reach the sensitivity necessary to discriminate between the catalogs of starburst galaxies and active galactic nuclei.",
author = "{Pierre Augerb Collaboration} and T. Bister and P. Abreu and M. Aglietta and Albury, {J. M.} and I. Allekotte and A. Almela and J. Alvarez-Mu{\~n}iz and {Alves Batista}, R. and Anastasi, {G. A.} and L. Anchordoqui and B. Andrada and S. Andringa and C. Aramo and {Ara{\'u}jo Ferreira}, {P. R.} and {Arteaga Vel{\'a}zquez}, {J. C.} and H. Asorey and P. Assis and G. Avila and Badescu, {A. M.} and A. Bakalova and A. Balaceanu and F. Barbato and {Barreira Luz}, {R. J.} and Becker, {K. H.} and Bellido, {J. A.} and C. Berat and Bertaina, {M. E.} and X. Bertou and Biermann, {P. L.} and V. Binet and K. Bismark and T. Bister and J. Biteau and J. Blazek and C. Bleve and M. Boh{\'a}{\v c}ov{\'a} and D. Boncioli and C. Bonifazi and {Bonneau Arbeletche}, L. and N. Borodai and Botti, {A. M.} and J. Brack and T. Bretz and {Brichetto Orchera}, {P. G.} and Briechle, {F. L.} and P. Buchholz and A. Bueno and S. Buitink and M. Buscemi and M. B{\"u}sken and Caballero-Mora, {K. S.} and L. Caccianiga and F. Canfora and I. Caracas and Carceller, {J. M.} and R. Caruso and A. Castellina and F. Catalani and G. Cataldi and L. Cazon and M. Cerda and Chinellato, {J. A.} and J. Chudoba and L. Chytka and Clay, {R. W.} and {Cobos Cerutti}, {A. C.} and R. Colalillo and A. Coleman and Coluccia, {M. R.} and R. Concei{\c c}{\~a}o and A. Condorelli and G. Consolati and F. Contreras and F. Convenga and {Correia dos Santos}, D. and Covault, {C. E.} and S. Dasso and K. Daumiller and Dawson, {B. R.} and Day, {J. A.} and {de Almeida}, {R. M.} and {de Jes{\'u}s}, J. and {de Jong}, {S. J.} and {De Mauro}, G. and {de Mello Neto}, {J. R.T.} and {De Mitri}, I. and {de Oliveira}, J. and {de Oliveira Franco}, D. and {de Palma}, F. and {de Souza}, V. and {De Vito}, E. and {del R{\'i}o}, M. and O. Deligny and L. Deval and {di Matteo}, A. and C. Dobrigkeit and D{\textquoteright}Olivo, {J. C.} and {Domingues Mendes}, {L. M.} and {dos Anjos}, {R. C.} and {dos Santos}, D. and Dova, {M. T.} and J. Ebr and R. Engel and I. Epicoco and M. Erdmann and Escobar, {C. O.} and A. Etchegoyen and H. Falcke and J. Farmer and G. Farrar and Fauth, {A. C.} and N. Fazzini and F. Feldbusch and F. Fenu and B. Fick and Figueira, {J. M.} and A. Filip{\v c}i{\v c} and T. Fitoussi and T. Fodran and Freire, {M. M.} and T. Fujii and A. Fuster and C. Galea and C. Galelli and B. Garc{\'i}a and {Garcia Vegas}, {A. L.} and H. Gemmeke and F. Gesualdi and A. Gherghel-Lascu and Ghia, {P. L.} and U. Giaccari and M. Giammarchi and J. Glombitza and F. Gobbi and F. Gollan and G. Golup and {G{\'o}mez Berisso}, M. and {G{\'o}mez Vitale}, {P. F.} and Gongora, {J. P.} and Gonz{\'a}lez, {J. M.} and N. Gonz{\'a}lez and I. Goos and D. G{\'o}ra and A. Gorgi and M. Gottowik and Grubb, {T. D.} and F. Guarino and Guedes, {G. P.} and E. Guido and S. Hahn and P. Hamal and Hampel, {M. R.} and P. Hansen and D. Harari and Harvey, {V. M.} and A. Haungs and T. Hebbeker and D. Heck and Hill, {G. C.} and C. Hojvat and H{\"o}randel, {J. R.} and P. Horvath and M. Hrabovsk{\'y} and T. Huege and A. Insolia and Isar, {P. G.} and P. Janecek and Johnsen, {J. A.} and J. Jurysek and A. K{\"a}{\"a}p{\"a} and Kampert, {K. H.} and N. Karastathis and B. Keilhauer and J. Kemp and A. Khakurdikar and {Kizakke Covilakam}, {V. V.} and Klages, {H. O.} and M. Kleifges and J. Kleinfeller and M. K{\"o}pke and N. Kunka and Lago, {B. L.} and Lang, {R. G.} and N. Langner and {Leigui de Oliveira}, {M. A.} and V. Lenok and A. Letessier-Selvon and I. Lhenry-Yvon and {Lo Presti}, D. and L. Lopes and R. L{\'o}pez and L. Lu and Q. Luce and Lundquist, {J. P.} and {Machado Payeras}, A. and G. Mancarella and D. Mandat and Manning, {B. C.} and J. Manshanden and P. Mantsch and S. Marafico and Mariazzi, {A. G.} and Mari{\c s}, {I. C.} and G. Marsella and D. Martello and S. Martinelli and {Mart{\'i}nez Bravo}, O. and M. Mastrodicasa and Mathes, {H. J.} and J. Matthews and G. Matthiae and E. Mayotte and Mazur, {P. O.} and G. Medina-Tanco and D. Melo and A. Menshikov and Merenda, {K. D.} and S. Michal and Micheletti, {M. I.} and L. Miramonti and S. Mollerach and F. Montanet and C. Morello and M. Mostaf{\'a} and M{\"u}ller, {A. L.} and Muller, {M. A.} and K. Mulrey and R. Mussa and M. Muzio and Namasaka, {W. M.} and A. Nasr-Esfahani and L. Nellen and M. Niculescu-Oglinzanu and M. Niechciol and D. Nitz and D. Nosek and V. Novotny and L. No{\v z}ka and A. Nucita and N{\'u}{\~n}ez, {L. A.} and M. Palatka and J. Pallotta and P. Papenbreer and G. Parente and A. Parra and J. Pawlowsky and M. Pech and F. Pedreira and J. Pekala and R. Pelayo and J. Pe{\~n}a-Rodriguez and {Pereira Martins}, {E. E.} and {Perez Armand}, J. and {P{\'e}rez Bertolli}, C. and M. Perlin and L. Perrone and S. Petrera and T. Pierog and M. Pimenta and V. Pirronello and M. Platino and B. Pont and M. Pothast and P. Privitera and M. Prouza and A. Puyleart and S. Querchfeld and J. Rautenberg and D. Ravignani and M. Reininghaus and J. Ridky and F. Riehn and M. Risse and V. Rizi and {Rodrigues de Carvalho}, W. and {Rodriguez Rojo}, J. and Roncoroni, {M. J.} and S. Rossoni and M. Roth and E. Roulet and Rovero, {A. C.} and P. Ruehl and A. Saftoiu and F. Salamida and H. Salazar and G. Salina and {Sanabria Gomez}, {J. D.} and F. S{\'a}nchez and Santos, {E. M.} and E. Santos and F. Sarazin and R. Sarmento and C. Sarmiento-Cano and R. Sato and P. Savina and Sch{\"a}fer, {C. M.} and V. Scherini and H. Schieler and M. Schimassek and M. Schimp and F. Schl{\"u}ter and D. Schmidt and O. Scholten and P. Schov{\'a}nek and Schr{\"o}der, {F. G.} and S. Schr{\"o}der and J. Schulte and Sciutto, {S. J.} and M. Scornavacche and A. Segreto and S. Sehgal and Shellard, {R. C.} and G. Sigl and G. Silli and O. Sima and R. {\v S}m{\'i}da and P. Sommers and Soriano, {J. F.} and J. Souchard and R. Squartini and M. Stadelmaier and D. Stanca and S. Stani{\v c} and J. Stasielak and P. Stassi and A. Streich and M. Su{\'a}rez-Dur{\'a}n and T. Sudholz and T. Suomij{\"a}rvi and Supanitsky, {A. D.} and Z. Szadkowski and A. Tapia and C. Taricco and C. Timmermans and O. Tkachenko and P. Tobiska and {Todero Peixoto}, {C. J.} and B. Tom{\'e} and Z. Torr{\`e}s and A. Travaini and P. Travnicek and C. Trimarelli and M. Tueros and R. Ulrich and M. Unger and L. Vaclavek and M. Vacula and {Vald{\'e}s Galicia}, {J. F.} and L. Valore and E. Varela and A. V{\'a}squez-Ram{\'i}rez and D. Veberi{\v c} and C. Ventura and {Vergara Quispe}, {I. D.} and V. Verzi and J. Vicha and J. Vink and S. Vorobiov and H. Wahlberg and C. Watanabe and Watson, {A. A.} and M. Weber and A. Weindl and L. Wiencke and H. Wilczy{\'n}ski and M. Wirtz and D. Wittkowski and B. Wundheiler and A. Yushkov and O. Zapparrata and E. Zas and D. Zavrtanik and M. Zavrtanik and L. Zehrer",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} Copyright owned by the author(s).; null ; Conference date: 12-07-2021 Through 23-07-2021",
year = "2022",
month = mar,
day = "18",
language = "Ingl{\'e}s",
volume = "395",
journal = "Proceedings of Science",
issn = "1824-8039",
}